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2020
Cohort Study

Can veterinarians reliably apply a whole horse ridden ethogram to differentiate nonlame and lame horses based on live horse assessment of behaviour?

Authors: Dyson S., Thomson K., Quiney L., Bondi A., Ellis A. D.

Journal: Equine Veterinary Education

Summary

# Editorial Summary Dyson and colleagues investigated whether the Ridden-Horse-Ethogram, a behavioural assessment tool previously validated on video recordings, could be reliably applied by veterinarians during real-time observation of ridden horses. Ten trained equine veterinarians and an experienced assessor scored 20 horses performing a standardised dressage test, with independent experts concurrently determining lameness status, saddle fit, epaxial muscle tension and rider competence. The ethogram demonstrated excellent inter-rater consistency (intraclass correlation 0.97) and successfully differentiated lame from nonlame horses both in real time and retrospective video analysis, with lame horses scoring significantly higher (8–16/24 versus 3–6/24 for sound horses). Notably, saddle fit, epaxial muscle pain and rider skill did not confound the behavioural scoring, suggesting the ethogram specifically reflects lameness-related movement changes rather than other performance limitations. For equine professionals involved in pre-purchase assessment, performance evaluation or monitoring of treatment outcomes, the Ridden-Horse-Ethogram offers a standardised, observer-independent method to detect musculoskeletal pain in working horses—though effectiveness depends on appropriate training and assessment during controlled movement.

Read the full abstract on the publisher's site

Practical Takeaways

  • The Ridden-Horse-Ethogram is a reliable, trainable assessment tool that veterinarians can use in real time during ridden evaluations to identify lame or painful horses without requiring video analysis or extended observation periods.
  • This behavioral scoring system helps differentiate true lameness from other performance issues (poor saddle fit, rider skill, or muscle tension alone), allowing you to direct diagnostic efforts more efficiently.
  • After appropriate training, any veterinarian can achieve consistent application of this ethogram, making it a practical addition to lameness examinations and potentially reducing reliance on extensive subjective observation or repeat visits.

Key Findings

  • The Ridden-Horse-Ethogram successfully differentiated between nonlame horses (scores 3-6/24) and most lame horses (scores 8-16/24) with statistical significance (P=0.017 for real-time, P=0.013 for video).
  • Ten trained veterinarians achieved excellent inter-rater consistency (ICC 0.97, P<0.001) when applying the ethogram in real time, with good agreement to expert assessor scores.
  • Epaxial muscle pain, saddle fit problems, and rider skill did not significantly confound ethogram scores, suggesting the tool specifically detects lameness-related behavioral changes.
  • Real-time application of the ethogram by the experienced assessor produced no significant difference compared to retrospective video analysis, demonstrating practical feasibility for field use.

Conditions Studied

lamenessmusculoskeletal painsaddle fit issuesepaxial muscle tension/painpoor ridden performance