Detection of hepatitis E virus genotypes 3 and 4 in donkeys in northern China.
Authors: Rui P, Zhao F, Yan S, Wang C, Fu Q, Hao J, Zhou X, Zhong H, Tang M, Hui W, Li W, Shi D, Ma Z, Song T
Journal: Equine veterinary journal
Summary
# Editorial Summary: Hepatitis E Virus in Chinese Donkeys Hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents a significant zoonotic disease in developing regions, yet its prevalence in equine species remains poorly characterised outside Europe. Researchers in northern China screened 401 donkey serum samples using serological and molecular techniques, identifying anti-HEV antibodies in 49 animals (12.22%) and active viral RNA in 17 animals (4.24%), with phylogenetic analysis confirming the presence of HEV genotypes 3 and 4. Importantly, younger donkeys demonstrated greater susceptibility to infection than older cohorts, suggesting age-related immunological factors may influence exposure or progression. The zoonotic implications warrant further investigation into donkey faecal shedding patterns and organ tropism to establish whether this species functions as a significant HEV reservoir in Asian populations. For equine practitioners, these findings highlight the need for heightened biosecurity awareness when handling donkeys in endemic regions and underscore the importance of serological screening programmes, particularly in young stock and animals showing hepatic dysfunction.
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Practical Takeaways
- •Donkeys in northern China are infected with HEV, indicating this is a potential zoonotic disease risk; veterinarians should be aware when handling affected animals
- •Young donkeys appear more vulnerable to HEV infection, suggesting age-based risk stratification may be relevant for management and monitoring protocols
- •Further investigation is needed to determine if donkeys serve as reservoirs for human HEV transmission, which could inform biosecurity and farm management practices
Key Findings
- •12.22% of 401 donkeys tested positive for anti-HEV-specific antibodies in northern China
- •4.24% of donkeys were positive for HEV viral RNA, with all strains identified as genotype 3 or 4
- •Young donkeys showed greater susceptibility to HEV infection compared with older donkeys
- •Isolated HEV strains shared 76.2-96.3% sequence identity with other HEV representative strains (genotypes 1-8)