Diagnosis of Soft Tissue Injury in the Sport Horse
Authors: Bubeck Kirstin A., Aarsvold Stacie
Journal: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice
Summary
# Editorial Summary Clinical and ultrasonographic examination remains the foundation for diagnosing soft tissue injuries in sport horses, with ultrasound providing real-time visualisation of tendon and ligament pathology following careful lameness evaluation and palpation. The increasing availability of MRI in equine practice has transformed diagnostic capability, enabling comprehensive assessment of both soft tissue and bone structures—particularly within the hoof capsule where ultrasound has inherent limitations. Bubeck and Aarsvold synthesise current best practice across three imaging modalities: specialised ultrasonographic techniques for detailed tissue characterisation, MRI protocols for complete anatomical evaluation, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography for specific diagnostic challenges. For practitioners, this overview underscores the complementary rather than competitive nature of these tools: ultrasound remains the first-line imaging choice due to its accessibility and real-time capability, whilst MRI should be considered when hoof or deep anatomical structures require evaluation, and CT when bony involvement or complex pathology demands clarification. Understanding the strengths and limitations of each modality allows farriers, veterinarians and physiotherapists to work collaboratively in targeting investigations appropriately, ultimately reducing diagnostic delays and supporting evidence-based rehabilitation planning.
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Practical Takeaways
- •Combine thorough clinical and lameness examination with ultrasonography as standard protocol for diagnosing soft tissue injuries in sport horses
- •Consider MRI when ultrasonography is inconclusive or when evaluating deep structures, especially within the hoof, to avoid missed diagnoses
- •Be aware that multiple imaging modalities (ultrasound, MRI, contrast CT) each offer complementary information—use selectively based on clinical presentation and suspected injury location
Key Findings
- •Ultrasonographic examination is the primary imaging modality following clinical and lameness evaluation for localizing soft tissue injuries in sport horses
- •MRI provides complete evaluation of both soft tissue and osseous structures and is particularly valuable for assessing structures within the hoof capsule
- •Contrast computed tomography represents an additional diagnostic modality for soft tissue injury evaluation