Ultrasound-guided peribulbar block in dromedary camels: a descriptive cadaveric study.
Authors: Marzok Mohamed, Almubarak Adel, Elkhidr Rasha Yassin, Elkawi Mohamed Abd, El-Sherif Mohamed W
Journal: BMC veterinary research
Summary
# Editorial Summary: Ultrasound-guided peribulbar block in dromedary camels Facial and ocular procedures in dromedary camels commonly require regional anaesthesia, yet established protocols remain limited compared to equine and small animal practice. Researchers used cadaveric anatomy to map the peribulbar space in camels and validate needle placement under ultrasound guidance, comparing their findings with anatomical landmarks and established techniques from other species. The peribulbar approach proved technically feasible, with ultrasound enabling precise needle positioning around the orbit whilst avoiding the retrobulbar space—a critical distinction that reduces the risk of serious complications such as globe perforation and retrobulbar haemorrhage. For practitioners managing camels under sternal recumbency, this technique offers a safer regional anaesthetic option for periocular and facial work, complementing balanced sedation protocols without the inherent risks associated with blind needle placement or retrobulbar injection. Further clinical validation in standing and recumbent animals is needed to establish dosing, onset times, and efficacy under field conditions.
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Practical Takeaways
- •Peribulbar block is a viable regional anesthesia option for facial and ocular surgery in camels, with better safety profile than retrobulbar approach
- •This technique could reduce reliance on heavy sedation/anesthesia for camel sternal procedures, potentially improving recovery and welfare
- •Practitioners working with camels now have evidence-based guidance for regional anesthesia adapted from equine and canine protocols
Key Findings
- •Ultrasound-guided peribulbar block is anatomically feasible in dromedary camels as a cadaveric technique
- •Peribulbar block offers lower complication risk compared to retrobulbar block in camels
- •The technique may enable sternal recumbent procedures with reduced systemic anesthetic requirements