Borna disease virus infection in cats.

Summary

# Editorial Summary: Borna Disease Virus Infection in Cats Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic pathogen responsible for neurological disease across multiple species, including horses, sheep and cats, where it manifests as staggering disease characterised by progressive ataxia, behavioural abnormalities and loss of postural control. This comprehensive review synthesises current understanding of BDV infection in felines, examining the aetiological agent, clinical presentation, underlying pathogenic mechanisms, worldwide epidemiological distribution and diagnostic approaches, whilst drawing parallels with Bornavirus infections observed in other species and avian Bornavirus-induced proventricular dilatation disease in birds. Evidence of BDV-infection markers has been documented globally in cat populations, indicating the virus represents a significant though often under-recognised neurological threat in this species. For equine and companion animal professionals, understanding BDV's cross-species transmission potential and recognising its clinical presentation in cats—particularly where behavioural or ataxic signs emerge—is critical for differential diagnosis and biosecurity management, as cats may represent either sentinel species or potential reservoirs warranting further investigation. The review's comparative approach across species provides practical context for recognising and responding to Bornavirus infections in multi-species practices and research settings.

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Key Findings

• •BDV causes staggering disease in cats characterized by ataxia, behavioral changes, and loss of postural reactions
• •BDV-infection markers in cats have been reported throughout the world
• •Bornaviruses cause neurological disorders across multiple animal species including birds, horses, sheep, and cats

Conditions Studied

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