Authors: Fu Han, Li Tongyang, Wang Yuyan, Yang Yang, Lu Yabin, Li Jianlong, Liu Jianhua, Kuang Ling, Mai Zhanhai, Guo Qingyong
Journal: Frontiers in veterinary science
Summary
# Editorial Summary Equine abortus salmonellosis, caused by *Salmonella abortus equi*, remains a significant infectious threat to pregnant mares, yet the mechanisms by which this pathogen disrupts reproductive function and establishes infection have been poorly characterised. Researchers isolated a highly virulent strain (XJ2032) from vaginal samples of affected mares and subjected it to whole-genome sequencing alongside bioinformatic analysis and virulence assessment through animal models and molecular detection methods. The genomic profile revealed that whilst the overall structure is conserved, the XJ2032 strain carries multiple virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes distributed across genomic islands and mobile genetic elements, including bacteriophage-associated sequences, suggesting these mobile elements are instrumental in driving both pathogenicity and genetic plasticity within the species. These findings have direct implications for understanding how *S. abortus equi* colonises and damages the reproductive tract, informing improved diagnostic and prevention strategies. For equine practitioners managing mares at risk, this research underscores the importance of rigorous biosecurity protocols, rapid identification of infected animals, and heightened vigilance regarding emerging antimicrobial resistance in this pathogen—particularly given the horizontally transferable resistance genes documented in this isolate.
Read the full abstract on PubMed
Practical Takeaways
- •S. abortus equi is an important cause of equine abortion with concerning virulence and antibiotic resistance; suspect and test for this pathogen in abortion cases
- •Understanding the genomic basis of this strain's pathogenicity may eventually support development of better diagnostics and targeted prevention strategies
- •Biosecurity and isolation protocols should be maintained for infected mares given the contagious nature of this disease
Key Findings
- •S. abortus equi strain XJ2032 isolated from vaginal samples of aborted mares harbors multiple virulence genes and drug resistance genes
- •Whole-genome sequencing revealed genome rearrangements, inversions, genomic islands, and bacteriophage-related elements in XJ2032
- •Genomic islands and bacteriophages play a vital role in the pathogenicity and genetic diversity of S. abortus equi
- •The strain contains horizontally transferable genes and mobile genetic elements contributing to its pathogenic potential